Ni Industri 4.0 ni fɛn dilanni hakilitigiw ka jikuruw bɛ ka diɲɛ bɛɛ lajɛlen minɛ, lamaga-lamagali-minɛnw, n’o ye yɔrɔba ye min bɛ mekanikiw, ɛntɛrinɛti ani kunnafoniko siratigɛ la, olu bɛ ka bi izini ɲɛda cogoya sɛmɛntiya kokura ni juguya ye min ɲɔgɔn ma deli ka kɛ fɔlɔ. K’a ta puwɛnti bilali kunkolow la minnu bɛ ni mikro-ni hakɛ sigili ye ɛntɛrinɛti pakew dilanni minɛnw na minnu bɛ se ka wuli ka taa a bila solda robow la minnu bɛ se ka mobili dafalen wɔɔrɔ bɔ miniti kelen kɔnɔ fanga mɔbili kura dilanni siraw kan k’a ta CNC masin baarakɛminɛn duuru-axisi la minnu ka tiɲɛni ma se milimɛtɛrɛ 0,01 ma tɛrɛn teliyaba-bogi masinw dilanni na ka taa a bila mobili ɲɛminɛlen otomatikiw (AGV) la minnu bɛ baara kɛ tile 24/7 logistiki ni fɛnmarayɔrɔw la-o ko kɛlenw minnu bɛ iko u tɛ kelen ye, olu bɛɛ bɛ u jigi da fɛɛrɛko jusigilan kelen kan: lamaga kɔlɔsili siratigɛw. Lamaga-lamagali siratigɛw tɛ dɔrɔn "nerve center" ye min bɛ kɛ ni minɛn kɔrɔlenw ye, nka u ye jamana ka fɛn dilanni seko ni dɔnko sumanikɛlan jɔnjɔn fana ye.
Industriw ka ɲɛfɔli: Yɛlɛma sira min bɛ bɔ masinw ka cikan na ka taa jɛkafɔ hakilitigi la
Lamaga-lamagali-minɛn kunba ye ka baarakɛminɛnw teliya, u jɔyɔrɔ walima u girinya kɔlɔsi tigitigi (i n’a fɔ motɛriw ni ji-silinda) walasa ka fɛnw lamagacogo sabati sira walima cogoya latigɛlen dɔ kan. A yiriwali tariku ye tariku surun ye min bɛ tali kɛ izini fɛɛrɛbɔ jiginni na: Sani san 1950 ka se, masinw ka kameraw ni ji-sɔrɔ-minɛnw tun ye fɛnba ye. Nka, k’a sababu kɛ ɲɔgɔndan gɛlɛnw ye ani bololabaarakɛlaw ka filiw ɲɛnabɔli ye, o sitɛmuw tun bɛ jaabi di dɔɔnin dɔɔnin, wa u tun bɛ se ka kɛ cogo nɔgɔman na, u tun bɛ baara nɔgɔmanw magow dɔrɔn de ɲɛnabɔ i n’a fɔ finiko masinw ani sɛbɛnnikɛlanw. San 1960 ni 1970 waatiw la, ni DC servo motɛriw ni analog circuit controleurs (analog circuit controllers) bɔli ye, lamaga-lamagali kɔlɔsili y’a daminɛ ka wuli ka taa kuran fɛ, ani masin baarakɛminɛnw (CNC) minnu bɛ kɔlɔsi ni jatebɔ ye (CNC) nali y’a don ka taa a fɛ fɛn dilanni na tigitigi. San 1980 kɔfɛ, AC servo fɛɛrɛbɔ yiriwaliw ani mikroporosesɛriw (i n’a fɔ PLCw ni DSPw) ka mɔgɔw ladɔnniya, olu ye lamaga-kɛnɛya caman sɛmɛntiya ka bɔ «minɛn kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenw» la ka kɛ «plateforme général-purpose» ye, wa baara tilali ni jɛkafɔ min kɛra programmable logic controllers (PLCs) ni lamaga-lamagalikɛlaw cɛ, o kɔgɔra dɔɔnin dɔɔnin. San kɛmɛ 21nan na, nizɛri kunnafonidilanw (i n’a fɔ EtherCAT ani PROFINET), sensɛriw ka ɲɔgɔnfaamu jugu (encoders + vision + force sensing), ani hakililata algorisimuw, o ye lamaga-lamagali hakilitigiw bɔnsɔn kura dɔ lawuli. Olu tɛ dan paramɛtiriw ladilan dɔrɔn waati yɛrɛ la walasa ka baarakɛcogo caman kunbɛn, nka u bɛ se ka jɛkafɔ kɛ minɛnw ni ɲɔgɔn cɛ -minɛnw ni ɲɔgɔn cɛ Ɛntɛrinɛti Ɛntɛrinɛti fɛ, ka kɛ fɛɛrɛ jɔnjɔn ye min bɛ se ka kɛ sababu ye ka fɛn dilanni hakilitigiw kɛ.
Diɲɛ lamaga-lamagali kɔlɔsili sugu bɛ ni ɲɔgɔndan suguya caman ye sisan. Erɔpu tɔnw (i n’a fɔ Siemens ani Bosch Rexroth), n’u bɛ baara kɛ n’u ka dɔnniya jugu ye mɛkatroniki la, olu bɛ fanga sɔrɔ CNC sanfɛla-kanw ni baarakɛminɛn gɛlɛnw-minɛnw kan. Japon fɛn dilannikɛlaw (i n’a fɔ Yaskawa ani Panasonic), minnu tɔgɔ bɔra u ka dannayaba n’u ka fɛn dilanni na, olu ka fisa ni mɔgɔw ka ɛntɛrinɛti ni robow ye. Ameriki ka tɔnw (i n’a fɔ Rockwell ani Kollmorgen) bɛ u sinsin baarakɛminɛn tigɛlenw kan i n’a fɔ semikɔndukiriw ani aerospace, ka sinsin ultra-precision control sekow kan. Sinuwa, n’o ye diɲɛ kɔnɔ fɛn dilanni suguba ye, o ye jamana kɔnɔ fɛnw falenfalen sɔrɔ servo caman na, cɛmancɛ- ani duguma-PLCw kɔnɔ, ani ka diɲɛ{10}}fɛɛrɛw labɛn minnu ɲɛmɔgɔya bɛ izini kura bɔlenw na i n’a fɔ fotovoltaiki ni litiyamu batiriw politiki ɲɛminɛni fɛ (i n’a fɔ "Made in China 2025") ani tɔnw ka kokuradonni (sigida taamasiyɛnw wulicogo o ɲɔgɔnna i n’a fɔ Inovance Technology ani Estun).
Industri nafa: Nafa caman-Dɛmɛ min bɛ dɛmɛ don yiriwaliba-jogotigiya la
Lamaga-lamagali-minɛnw nafa ka bon fɛɛrɛko siratigɛ la, o bɛ tɛmɛn fɛɛrɛko ɲɛtaa kan kosɛbɛ. A bɛ sɔrɔ fana u ka fanga bonya bɛɛ lajɛlen na izini cakɛda yiriwali la, ka fɛn dilanni nafa bonya, ani ka sigida nafa da.
A fɔlɔ, a bɛ 'sènbɔli jira buteliw ɲɛnabɔli la minɛnw yiriwali la minnu ka bon -. Semikɔndukiri dilanni minɛnw na, litografi masin ka wafer stade ka kan ka taa santimɛtɛrɛ tan segin kɔnɔ ni nanometre-nivo tigitigi ye. A ka lamaga-lamagali-minɛnw ni a ka yɔrɔ kolomaw (i n’a fɔ motɛriw (i n’a fɔ motɛriw) minnu bɛ ɲɔgɔn kan ani encodeur (encoders (encoders) minnu ka ɲɛfɔli ka bon) olu bɛ puwɛnti dilanni taabolo sanfɛla dantigɛ k’a ɲɛsin u yɛrɛ ma. Avion motɛri bɔgɔdaga baara la, masin min bɛ kɛ ni aksidan duuru-a ye, o ka taamacogo kɔlɔsili fili ka kan ka dɔgɔya ni milimɛtɛrɛ 0,005 ye, n’o tɛ, nɛgɛdaga ka aerodynamique baarakɛcogo bɛna dɛsɛ. Fɔlɔ, nin lamaga-lamagali fɛɛrɛ kɔrɔlen sugu in tun bɛ jamana wɛrɛw ka fanga kɔrɔ kabini tuma jan, o tun bɛ iziniw yiriwali bali i n’a fɔ awiyɔnbaw ani furakɛli jabɔminɛn kɔrɔlenw ne ka jamana kɔnɔ. San laban ninnu na, jamana kɔnɔ fɛn dilannikɛlaw ka ɲɛtaa minnu kɛra yɔrɔ kolomaw la i n’a fɔ servo drives ani real-time operating systems (RTOS) o ma kɛ sababu ye ka minɛnw musakaw dɔgɔya dɔrɔn (ni fɛn dɔw sɔngɔ jigira ka tɛmɛ 40%) kan, nka u ye izini cakɛda lakanani fana sabati.
Filanan, a bɛ Kɛ "pont neuronal" ye walasa ka 'yɔrɔ Yɛlɛma ka Kɛ fɛn dilanni hakilitigi ye. Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) architecture kɔnɔ, lamaga kɔlɔsili siratigɛ jɔyɔrɔba bɛ "execution layer"-a bɛ fɛn dilanni cikanw sɔrɔ ka bɔ MES (Manufacturing Execution System) fɛ, ka baara ninnu tiɲɛ ka kɛ motɛri lamaga kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenw ye ni waati lakika{2}}waati kɔlɔsili algorisimuw ye, ani ka fɛnɲɛnamafagalan dafalen-loop optimisation loop dagalen dɔ dilan ni sensɛriw ka jaabiw ye. Misali la, mobili dilanni siraw la minnu bɛ se ka wuli ka bɔ u nɔ na, lamaga-lamagali fɛɛrɛ hakilitigi dɔ bɛ se ka robo tan ni caman labɛn waati kelen na walasa ka solda ni penti baara dafa mobili suguya wɛrɛw la, o bɛ dɔ bɔ fɛnw jiginni waati la ka bɔ laadala sanga naani na ka se miniti tan ma. 3C ɛntɛrinɛti lajɛ la, yeli-lamaga ɲɛminɛni ɲɛminɛni bɛ kɛ sababu ye ka puwɛnti bilali masinw dɛmɛ u ka se ka yɔrɔw bilali ni u bilali dafa segin 0,1 kɔnɔ, o bɛ dɔ fara sɔrɔ hakɛ kan ka se 99,99% ma. Nin "hakilila-desizɔn-fagali" jɛɲɔgɔnya ɲuman in ye jogo jɔnjɔn ye min bɛ fɛn dilanni hakilitigiw ni laadala otomatiki danfara bɔ.
Sabanan, a bɛ kɛ "motɛri nafama" ye ka ɲɛsin yiriwali ma min bɛ kɛ ni jiri ye ani min ka dɔgɔn-karɔbɔni. Ni motɛri bɔli fanga ni a lamagacogo kɔlɔsi tigitigi, lamaga-lamagali siratigɛw bɛ se ka dɔ bɔ fanga tiɲɛni na kosɛbɛ. Misali la, ni laadala motɛri asynchronew bilala servo drivew nɔ na finiko masinw na, o bɛ se ka dɔ bɔ fanga ta la ni 30% ye. Logistiki sɛgɛsɛgɛli siratigɛw la, AGV ka waati bolodacogo algorisimuw minnu sinsinnen bɛ sirako ɲɛnabɔli kan, olu bɛ se ka fanga bɛɛ lajɛlen dɔgɔya ni 25% ni kɔ ye. O tɛmɛnen kɔ, ɲɛtaa minnu kɛra lamaga-lamagali fɛɛrɛbɔ la, olu fana ye motɛri fitininw dilanni nɔgɔya-ani teliya ni teliya waati teliya, o kɔrɔ ye ko fɛnw ka dɔgɔya ani yɔrɔ minɛni, o min bɛ bɛn kosɛbɛ yiriwali sabatili wajibiyalenw ma minnu bɛ "kabɔn fila" laɲiniw na.
Naaninan, a bɛ kɛ kɔrɔbɔli yɔrɔ ye fɛɛrɛko ɲɔgɔndan ni kokuradonni na. Lamaga-lamagali-minɛnw ka gɛlɛya b’u kɛ baarakɛcogo ɲuman ye fɛɛrɛ kuraw kama i n’a fɔ hakililata, fɛn kuraw, ani quantum sensing. Kalan juguw kɛcogo bɛ se ka kɛ ka ɲɛsin ladonni kofɔlenw ma, ka kɔn ka biriki dɛsɛw dɔn ni yɛrɛyɛrɛ ni funteni kunnafoniw sɛgɛsɛgɛli ye. Silisiyɔmu karɔbidi (SiC) fanga-minɛnw tali ye dɔ fara servo drivew ka jaabi teliya kan ni siɲɛ 10 ye. A jirala ko jiroscopes quantums bɛna kɛ sababu ye ka hakilina sumanikɛcogo ɲuman-precision supérieur di aerospace lamaga-lamagali kɔlɔsili kama. Nin fɛɛrɛ in min bɛ kɛ ni dɔnniyaw ni ɲɔgɔn cɛ, o tɛ dan lamaga-lamagali dancɛw bonya dɔrɔn, nka a bɛ izini kura dɔw fana sabati i n’a fɔ baarakɛminɛnw robow ani furakɛli opereli robow.
Kuncɛli: Siniɲɛsigi sira jɔnjɔnw
K’a ta masinw ka cikanw na watara waati la ka se jɛkafɔ hakilitigi ma nizɛri waati la, lamaga-lamagali-minɛnw jiginni ye ɲɔgɔn sɔsɔ tuma bɛɛ ni hadamadenw ka “kɔlɔsili tigitigi” ɲinini ye. Diɲɛ fɛn dilanni ɲɔgɔndan fanga bonyalen kɔfɛ ani magoba kɔrɔtɔlen min bɛ jamana kɔnɔ iziniw yiriwali la, lamaga kɔlɔsili siratigɛw tɛ dɔrɔn gɛlɛya ɲɛnabɔli kunba ye, n’o ye ka « jigi da fɛnw dondonni kan minɛn kɔrɔlenw kama», nka u ye motɛri nafamaba ye fana walasa ka sɔrɔko kura-sɛnɛfɛnw sɛnɛ ani ka sɔrɔko lakika yiriwali ɲumanba - sabati. Baarakɛlaw fɛ, o bɛ fɛɛrɛko gɛlɛyaw bɛɛ lase (i n’a fɔ ka multi-axis coordinated control algorithms ɲɛnabɔ ani ka edge intelligence waleyali) ani kokuradonni sirabaw (i n’a fɔ hadamadenw ka robow jɛkuluw kɔlɔsili ani microgravity motion planning for space equipment). Jamana ta fan fɛ, wari bilali sabatili hakilila ɲinini jɔnjɔnw na (i n’a fɔ kɔrɔsili teori min tɛ sinsinni ye), yɔrɔ kolomaw (i n’a fɔ encodeurs high-precisions ani power modules), ani izini ekosisɛti (i n’a fɔ sariya sigicogo ani seko ni dɔnko yiriwali) o nafa ka bon kosɛbɛ walasa ka fɛɛrɛ in minɛ nin boli in na min bɛ tali kɛ siniɲɛsigi ɲɔgɔndan na.
Ni izini kura minnu bɛ ka bonya i n’a fɔ fɛn dilanni hakilitigiw, fanga kura, ani biyomedicine, olu yiriwali barikama fɛ, lamaga-lamagali kɔlɔsili siratigɛw tɛna kɛ -sɛnɛfɛnw kɔfɛ dɔrɔn tugun. O nɔ na, u bɛna kɛ fɛɛrɛbɔ ye min bɛ se ka kɛ izini waati nata la, ka hakilitigiya caman di, ka fɛn caman sɛgɛsɛgɛ, ani ka sigida lakanani kɛ.
